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Interstitial implantation of radioisotopes
Source: Prostate Cancer Treatment (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version, National Cancer Institute.
Source updated: May 14, 2025 · Captured 2026-09-09.
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Context: Treatment of Stage II Prostate Cancer / Treatment Options for Stage II Prostate Cancer
Interstitial implantation of radioisotopes (i.e., iodine I 125 [125I], palladium, and iridium), using a transperineal technique with either ultrasound or computed tomography guidance, is being done in patients with T1 or T2a tumors. Short-term results in these patients are similar to those for radical prostatectomy or EBRT.[41,42]; [43][Level of evidence C3]
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Factors for consideration in the use of interstitial implants include:
The implant is performed as outpatient surgery.
The rate of maintenance of sexual potency with interstitial implants has been reported to be 86% to 92%.[41,43] In contrast, rates of maintenance of sexual potency with radical prostatectomy were 10% to 40% and 40% to 60% with EBRT.
Typical side effects from interstitial implants that are seen in most patients but subside with time include urinary tract frequency, urgency, and less commonly, urinary retention.
Rectal ulceration may also be seen.[41] In one series, a 10% 2-year actuarial genitourinary grade 2 complication rate and a 12% risk of rectal ulceration were seen. This risk decreased with increased operator experience and modification of the implant technique.[44]
Long-term follow-up of these patients is necessary to assess treatment efficacy and side effects.
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Preserved source evidence · Not medical advice