Therapy-Related Solid SNs

Therapy-related solid SNs represent 80% of all SNs, demonstrate a strong relationship with radiation exposure, and are characterized by a latency that exceeds 10 years. The risk of solid SNs continues to increase with longer follow-up. The risk of solid SNs is highest when the following occur:[4,13]

The histological subtypes of solid SNs encompass a neoplastic spectrum ranging from benign and low-grade malignant lesions (e.g., NMSC, meningiomas) to high-grade malignancies (e.g., breast cancers, glioblastomas) (see Figure 4).[4,13,23,24]

Solid SNs in childhood cancer survivors most commonly involve the following:[4,13,23,25-28]

With longer follow-up of adult survivors of childhood cancer cohorts, epithelial neoplasms have been observed in the following:[13,29]

Benign and low-grade SNs, including NMSCs and meningiomas, have also been observed with increasing prevalence in survivors who were treated with radiation therapy for childhood cancer.[4,10,30]