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Radiation therapy followed by surgery (for brain metastases)
Source: Childhood Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors Treatment (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version, National Cancer Institute.
Source updated: November 5, 2024 · Captured 2026-09-09.
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In a very small pediatric study, patients with nongerminomatous brain metastases responded to radiation therapy. In the German Maligne Keimzelltümoren (MAKEI) studies, radiation therapy and surgery for patients with brain metastases provided palliation and occasional long-term survival.[22,23][Level of evidence C1] A meta-analysis showed that radiation therapy did not improve outcome compared with surgery and radiation. However, the number of patients treated with radiation therapy was too small to accurately assess outcome.[24]
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