NCT03043872 · CITED IN SOURCE DOCUMENTS

Durvalumab ± Tremelimumab in Combination With Platinum Based Chemotherapy in Untreated Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (CASPIAN)

An NCI or FDA source cites this study. A citation does not establish that it applies to an individual diagnosis.

Phase: PHASE3
Status at capture: ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
Registry last update: 2026-07-16

This is a phase III, randomized, open-label, multicenter, global study to determine the efficacy and safety of combining durvalumab ± tremelimumab with platinum based chemotherapy (EP) followed by durvalumab ± tremelimumab maintenance therapy versus EP alone as first-line treatment in patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer

Open the original ClinicalTrials.gov record → · Download preserved record

What did the study report?

Outcomes, safety and baseline populations are separate source sections. Quality-of-life measures appear under their original outcome titles.

flow

Participant flow

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baseline

Baseline characteristics

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outcome · POSTED

Overall Survival (OS) in the Global Cohort; Assessed at Global Cohort Interim Analysis; D + EP Compared With EP

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outcome · POSTED

OS in the Global Cohort; Assessed at Global Cohort Final Analysis; D + EP Compared With EP and D + T + EP Compared With EP

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outcome · POSTED

OS in the China Cohort; Assessed at China Cohort First Analysis; D + EP Compared With EP

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outcome · POSTED

OS in the China Cohort; Assessed at China Cohort Second Analysis; D + EP Compared With EP and D + T + EP Compared With EP

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outcome · POSTED

OS in the Global Cohort; D + T + EP Compared With D + EP

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outcome · POSTED

Progression-Free Survival (PFS) in the Global Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Objective Response Rate (ORR) in the Global Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Percentage of Patients Alive and Progression Free at 6 Months (APF6) in the Global Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Percentage of Patients Alive and Progression Free at 12 Months (APF12) in the Global Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Percentage of Patients Alive at 18 Months (OS18) in the Global Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Pharmacokinetics (PK) of Durvalumab; Peak and Trough Serum Concentrations in the Global Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

PK of Tremelimumab; Peak and Trough Serum Concentrations in the Global Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Number of Patients With Anti-Drug Antibody (ADA) Response to Durvalumab in the Global Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Number of Patients With ADA Response to Tremelimumab in the Global Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Time to Deterioration of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and Patient Reported Outcome (PRO) Symptoms, Assessed Using European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ) in the Global Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Time to Deterioration of PRO Symptoms, Assessed Using EORTC QLQ-Lung Cancer Module 13 (QLQ-LC13) in the Global Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Change From Baseline in Primary PRO Symptoms as Assessed by EORTC QLQ in the Global Cohort; D + T + EP Compared With EP

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outcome · POSTED

Change From Baseline in Primary Symptoms, Assessed Using EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-LC13 in the Global Cohort; D + EP Compared With EP

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outcome · POSTED

OS in the China Cohort; D + T + EP Compared With D + EP

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outcome · POSTED

PFS in the China Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

ORR in the China Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

APF6 in the China Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

APF12 in the China Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

OS18 in the China Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

PK of Durvalumab; Peak and Trough Serum Concentrations in the China Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

PK of Tremelimumab; Peak and Trough Serum Concentrations in the China Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Number of Patients With ADA Response to Durvalumab in the China Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Number of Patients With ADA Response to Tremelimumab in the China Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Time to Deterioration of HRQoL and PRO Symptoms, Assessed Using EORTC QLQ in the China Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Time to Deterioration of PRO Symptoms, Assessed Using EORTC QLQ-LC13 in the China Cohort

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outcome · POSTED

Change From Baseline in Primary PRO Symptoms, Assessed Using EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-LC13 in the China Cohort; D + T + EP Compared With EP

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outcome · POSTED

Change From Baseline in Primary Symptoms as Assessed by EORTC QLQ in the China Cohort; D + EP Compared With EP

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adverse events

Adverse events

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more info

Limitations, agreements, and source contact

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Who could take part

eligibility Criteria: Inclusion criteria: 1. Histologically or cytologically documented extensive disease. Brain metastases; must be asymptomatic or treated and stable off steroids and anti-convulsants for at least 1 month prior to study treatment. 2. Suitable to receive a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen as 1st line treatment. 3. Life expectancy ≥12 weeks at Day 1. 4. ECOG 0 or 1 at enrolment. 5. No prior exposure to immune-mediated therapy excluding therapeutic anticancer vaccines. Exclusion criteria: 1. Any history of radiotherapy to the chest prior to systemic therapy or planned consolidation chest radiation therapy (except paliative care outside of the chest). 2. Paraneoplastic syndrome of autoimmune nature, requiring systemic treatment or clinical symptomatology suggesting worsening of PNS 3. Active infection including tuberculosis, HIV, hepatitis B anc C 4. Active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders 5. Uncontrolled intercurrent illness, including but not limited to interstitial lung disease.
healthy Volunteers: false
maximum Age: 130 Years
minimum Age: 18 Years
sex: ALL
std Ages: ADULT
OLDER_ADULT

Treatment arms and interventions

arm Groups

description
durvalumab+tremelimumab+EP (carboplatin or cisplatin + etoposide)
intervention Names
Drug: Durvalumab
Drug: Tremelimumab
Drug: Carboplatin
Drug: Cisplatin
Drug: Etoposide
label
Arm 1
type
EXPERIMENTAL
description
durvalumab+EP (carboplatin or cisplatin + etoposide)
intervention Names
Drug: Durvalumab
Drug: Carboplatin
Drug: Cisplatin
Drug: Etoposide
label
Arm 2
type
EXPERIMENTAL
description
EP (carboplatin or cisplatin + etoposide)
intervention Names
Drug: Carboplatin
Drug: Cisplatin
Drug: Etoposide
label
Arm 3
type
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

interventions

arm Group Labels
Arm 1
Arm 2
description
IV infusions every 3 weeks for 12 weeks (4 cycles) and every 4 weeks thereafter until PD or other discontinuation criteria.
name
Durvalumab
type
DRUG
arm Group Labels
Arm 1
description
IV infusions every 3 weeks for 12 weeks(4 cycles). An additional dose of tremelimumab will be administered in the week 16.
name
Tremelimumab
type
DRUG
arm Group Labels
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
description
up to 4 cycles every 3 weeks in Arm 1 and 2, up to 6 cycles every 3 weeks in Arm 3
name
Carboplatin
type
DRUG
arm Group Labels
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
description
up to 4 cycles every 3 weeks in Arm 1 and 2, up to 6 cycles every 3 weeks in Arm 3
name
Cisplatin
type
DRUG
arm Group Labels
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
description
up to 4 cycles every 3 weeks in Arm 1 and 2, up to 6 cycles every 3 weeks in Arm 3
name
Etoposide
type
DRUG

Study design

allocation

RANDOMIZED

intervention Model

PARALLEL

masking Info

masking: NONE

primary Purpose

TREATMENT

Enrollment

count: 987
type: ACTUAL

Registered outcome plans (not posted results)

primary Outcomes

description
OS was defined as the time from date of randomization until death due to any cause. Any patient not known to have died at the time of analysis was censored based on the last recorded date on which the patient was known to be alive. Median OS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier technique. An interim analysis of OS in the global cohort was pre-specified after approximately 318 OS events occurred each between the D + EP and EP groups (60% maturity), and between the D + T + EP and EP groups (60% maturity). At the global cohort interim analysis DCO (11 March 2019), comparison of OS in the D + EP versus (vs) EP groups had crossed the pre-specified boundary. Since these results were considered final in terms of formal statistical testing, they are presented here as a primary outcome measure. Analysis of OS for D + EP vs EP and for D + T + EP vs EP at the time of the global cohort final analysis is presented separately in the subsequent primary outcome measure.
measure
Overall Survival (OS) in the Global Cohort; Assessed at Global Cohort Interim Analysis; D + EP Compared With EP
time Frame
From baseline until death due to any cause. Assessed until global cohort interim analysis DCO (maximum of approximately 23 months).
description
OS was defined as the time from date of randomization until death due to any cause. Any patient not known to have died at the time of analysis was censored based on the last recorded date on which the patient was known to be alive. Median OS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier technique. This primary outcome measure presents OS for the analysis of D + EP vs EP and D + T + EP vs EP at the time of the global cohort final analysis DCO (27 January 2020). Analysis of D + EP vs EP at the global cohort interim analysis DCO is presented in the previous primary outcome measure. Analysis of D + T + EP vs D + EP (global cohort final analysis) is presented as a secondary outcome measure.
measure
OS in the Global Cohort; Assessed at Global Cohort Final Analysis; D + EP Compared With EP and D + T + EP Compared With EP
time Frame
From baseline until death due to any cause. Assessed until global cohort final analysis DCO (maximum of approximately 33 months).
description
OS was defined as the time from date of randomization until death due to any cause. Any patient not known to have died at the time of analysis was censored based on the last recorded date on which the patient was known to be alive. Median OS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier technique. An analysis of OS for D + EP vs EP in the China cohort was pre-specified at approximately 60% maturity (to ensure a similar maturity to the interim analysis of the Global cohort). This primary outcome measure presents OS for analysis of D + EP vs EP at the China cohort first analysis DCO (06 January 2020), and is comparable in terms of maturity with the interim analysis of OS for D + EP vs EP in the Global cohort. Analysis of OS for D + EP vs EP and for D + T + EP vs EP at the time of the China cohort second analysis is presented separately in the subsequent primary outcome measure.
measure
OS in the China Cohort; Assessed at China Cohort First Analysis; D + EP Compared With EP
time Frame
From baseline until death due to any cause. Assessed until China cohort first analysis DCO (maximum of approximately 19 months).
description
OS was defined as the time from date of randomization until death due to any cause. Any patient not known to have died at the time of analysis was censored based on the last recorded date on which the patient was known to be alive. Median OS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier technique. An analysis of OS for D + T + EP vs EP in the China cohort was pre-specified at approximately 80% maturity (to ensure a similar maturity to the final analysis of the Global cohort). This primary outcome measure presents OS for analysis of D + EP vs EP and D + T + EP vs EP at the time of the China cohort second analysis DCO (02 November 2020), and is comparable in terms of maturity with the final analysis of OS for D + EP vs EP and D + T + EP vs EP in the Global cohort. Analysis of D + EP vs EP at the China cohort first analysis DCO is presented in the previous primary outcome measure. Analysis of D + T + EP vs D + EP (China cohort second analysis) is presented as a secondary outcome measure.
measure
OS in the China Cohort; Assessed at China Cohort Second Analysis; D + EP Compared With EP and D + T + EP Compared With EP
time Frame
From baseline until death due to any cause. Assessed until China cohort second analysis DCO (maximum of approximately 29 months).

secondary Outcomes

description
OS was defined as the time from the date of randomization until death due to any cause. Any patient not known to have died at the time of analysis was censored based on the last recorded date on which the patient was known to be alive. Median OS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier technique. This secondary outcome measure presents OS for the analysis of D + T + EP vs D + EP in the global cohort. The alternative treatment comparisons in the global cohort were performed as primary outcome measures.
measure
OS in the Global Cohort; D + T + EP Compared With D + EP
time Frame
From baseline until death due to any cause. Assessed until global cohort final analysis DCO (maximum of approximately 33 months).
description
PFS (per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1 \[RECIST 1.1\] using Investigator assessments) was defined as time from date of randomization until date of objective disease progression or death (by any cause in the absence of progression), regardless of whether the patient withdrew from randomized therapy or received another anticancer therapy prior to progression. Progression (ie, PD) was defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of diameters of target lesions (TLs), taking as reference the smallest previous sum of diameters (nadir) and an absolute increase of ≥5 millimeters (mm) for the sum from nadir. For evaluation of non-target lesions (NTLs), PD was defined as unequivocal progression of existing NTLs. Median PFS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier technique.
measure
Progression-Free Survival (PFS) in the Global Cohort
time Frame
Tumour scans performed at baseline, Week 6, Week 12 then every 8 weeks relative to the date of randomization until RECIST 1.1-defined progression. Assessed until global cohort final analysis DCO (maximum of approximately 33 months).
description
ORR (per RECIST 1.1 using Investigator assessments) was defined as the percentage of patients with at least 1 visit response of Complete Response (CR) or Partial Response (PR). CR was defined as disappearance of all TLs since baseline (any pathological lymph nodes selected as TLs must have a reduction in short axis diameter to \<10 mm) or disappearance of all NTLs since baseline (all lymph nodes must be non-pathological in size \[\<10 mm short axis\]). PR was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of TLs (taking as reference the baseline sum of diameters).
measure
Objective Response Rate (ORR) in the Global Cohort
time Frame
Tumour scans performed at baseline, Week 6, Week 12 then every 8 weeks relative to the date of randomization until RECIST 1.1-defined progression. Assessed until global cohort final analysis DCO (maximum of approximately 33 months).
description
The APF6 was defined as the percentage of patients who were alive and progression free at 6 months from randomization (ie, PFS rate at 6 months). PFS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier technique.
measure
Percentage of Patients Alive and Progression Free at 6 Months (APF6) in the Global Cohort
time Frame
Tumour scans performed at baseline, Week 6, Week 12 then every 8 weeks relative to the date of randomization until RECIST 1.1-defined progression. Assessed until 6 months post-randomization.
description
The APF12 was defined as the percentage of patients who were alive and progression free at 12 months from randomization (ie, PFS rate at 12 months). PFS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier technique.
measure
Percentage of Patients Alive and Progression Free at 12 Months (APF12) in the Global Cohort
time Frame
Tumour scans performed at baseline, Week 6, Week 12 then every 8 weeks relative to the date of randomization until RECIST 1.1-defined progression. Assessed until 12 months post-randomization.
description
OS18 was defined as the percentage of patients who were alive at 18 months after randomization per the Kaplan-Meier estimate of OS at 18 months.
measure
Percentage of Patients Alive at 18 Months (OS18) in the Global Cohort
time Frame
At 18 months post-randomization. Assessed at the global cohort final analysis DCO (27 January 2020).
description
To evaluate PK, blood samples were collected at pre-specified timepoints and peak and trough serum concentrations of durvalumab were determined. Peak concentration on Week 0 is the post-infusion concentration of Week 0 (collected within 10 minutes of the end of infusion). Trough concentrations on Weeks 3 and 12 are the pre-infusion concentrations of Weeks 3 and 12, respectively.
measure
Pharmacokinetics (PK) of Durvalumab; Peak and Trough Serum Concentrations in the Global Cohort
time Frame
Samples were collected post-dose on Day 1 (Week 0), and pre-dose on Weeks 3 and 12. Assessed at the global cohort final analysis DCO (27 January 2020).
description
To evaluate PK, blood samples were collected at pre-specified timepoints and peak and trough serum concentrations of tremelimumab were determined. Peak concentration on Week 0 is the post-infusion concentration of Week 0 (collected within 10 minutes of the end of infusion). Trough concentrations on Weeks 3 and 12 are the pre-infusion concentrations of Weeks 3 and 12, respectively.
measure
PK of Tremelimumab; Peak and Trough Serum Concentrations in the Global Cohort
time Frame
Samples were collected post-dose on Day 1 (Week 0), and pre-dose on Weeks 3 and 12. Assessed at the global cohort final analysis DCO (27 January 2020).
description
Serum sampling for ADA assessment was conducted utilizing a tiered approach (screen, confirm, titer). ADA positive post-baseline only was also referred to as treatment-induced ADA. Treatment-emergent ADA was defined as the sum of treatment-induced ADA and treatment-boosted ADA (defined as baseline positive ADA titer that was boosted to ≥4-fold during the study period). Persistently positive was defined as having ≥2 post-baseline ADA positive measurements with ≥16 weeks between first and last positive, or an ADA positive result at the last available assessment. Transiently positive was defined as having ≥1 post-baseline ADA positive measurement and not fulfilling the conditions for persistently positive. Presence of neutralizing antibody (nAb) was tested for all ADA positive samples. Results are reported as number of patients with ADA responses to durvalumab for each indicated category.
measure
Number of Patients With Anti-Drug Antibody (ADA) Response to Durvalumab in the Global Cohort
time Frame
Samples were collected on Day 1 (Week 0), Week 12 and at 3 months after the last dose of IP (ie, durvalumab). Assessed at the global cohort final analysis DCO (27 January 2020).
description
Serum sampling for ADA assessment was conducted utilizing a tiered approach (screen, confirm, titer). ADA positive post-baseline only was also referred to as treatment-induced ADA. Treatment-emergent ADA (or ADA incidence) was defined as the sum of treatment-induced ADA and treatment-boosted ADA (defined as baseline positive ADA titer that was boosted to ≥4-fold during the study period). Persistently positive was defined as having ≥2 post-baseline ADA positive measurements with ≥16 weeks between first and last positive, or an ADA positive result at the last available assessment. Transiently positive was defined as having ≥1 post-baseline ADA positive measurement and not fulfilling the conditions for persistently positive. The presence of nAb was tested for all ADA positive samples. Results are reported as number of patients with ADA responses to tremelimumab for each indicated category.
measure
Number of Patients With ADA Response to Tremelimumab in the Global Cohort
time Frame
Samples were collected on Day 1 (Week 0), Week 12 and at 3 months after the last dose of IP (ie, tremelimumab). Assessed at the global cohort final analysis DCO (27 January 2020).
description
The EORTC QLQ-Core 30 version 3 (QLQ-C30 v3) was included for assessing HRQoL. It assesses HRQoL/health status through 9 multi-item scales: 5 functional scales (physical, role, cognitive, emotional, and social), 3 symptom scales (fatigue, pain, and nausea and vomiting), and a global health and QoL scale. 6 single-item symptom measures are also included: dyspnea, insomnia, appetite loss, constipation, diarrhea, and financial difficulties. Scores from 0 to 100 were derived for each of the 15 domains, with higher scores representing greater functioning, greater HRQoL, or greater level of symptoms. Time to deterioration (calculated using the Kaplan-Meier technique) was defined as time from randomization until the date of first clinically meaningful deterioration (a decrease in score from baseline of ≥10) that is confirmed at a subsequent visit or death (by any cause) in the absence of a clinically meaningful deterioration.
measure
Time to Deterioration of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and Patient Reported Outcome (PRO) Symptoms, Assessed Using European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ) in the Global Cohort
time Frame
At baseline, Weeks 3, 6, 9, 12, 16 and 20, then Q4W until PD, on Day 28 and 2 months post-PD, then every 8 weeks until second progression/death (whichever comes first). Assessed until global cohort final analysis DCO (maximum of approximately 33 months).
description
The EORTC QLQ-LC13 is a disease-specific 13-item self-administered questionnaire for lung cancer, to be used in conjunction with the EORTC QLQ-C30. It comprises both multi-item and single-item measures of lung cancer-associated symptoms (ie, coughing, hemoptysis, dyspnea, and pain) and side effects from conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy (ie, hair loss, neuropathy, sore mouth, and dysphagia). Scores from 0 to 100 were derived for each symptom item, with higher scores representing greater level of symptoms. Time to deterioration (calculated using the Kaplan-Meier technique) was defined as time from randomization until the date of first clinically meaningful deterioration (an increase in score from baseline of ≥10) that is confirmed at a subsequent visit or death (by any cause) in the absence of a clinically meaningful deterioration.
measure
Time to Deterioration of PRO Symptoms, Assessed Using EORTC QLQ-Lung Cancer Module 13 (QLQ-LC13) in the Global Cohort
time Frame
At baseline, Weeks 3, 6, 9, 12, 16 and 20, then Q4W until PD, on Day 28 and 2 months post-PD, then every 8 weeks until second progression/death (whichever comes first). Assessed until global cohort final analysis DCO (maximum of approximately 33 months).

Full study description

brief Summary: This is a phase III, randomized, open-label, multicenter, global study to determine the efficacy and safety of combining durvalumab ± tremelimumab with platinum based chemotherapy (EP) followed by durvalumab ± tremelimumab maintenance therapy versus EP alone as first-line treatment in patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer
detailed Description: Primary objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of durvalumab + tremelimumab + EP treatment compared with EP and the efficacy of durvalumab + EP treatment compared with EP in terms of OS. All patients will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio in a stratified manner according to the planned platinum-based therapy for Cycle 1 (cisplatin or carboplatin) to receive treatment with durvalumab + tremelimumab + EP (Arm 1), durvalumab + EP (Arm 2), or standard of care- EP (Arm 3). Arm 1 and Arm 2 patients receive the treatment until confirmed disease progression while Arm 3 patients receive up to 6 cycles of EP and prophylactic cranial irradiation if clinically indicated, at the Investigators' discretion.Patients who have discontinued treatment due to toxicity or symptomatic deterioration, clinical progression, or who have commenced subsequent anticancer therapy will be followed up until confirmed disease progression and for survival. Targeted population are adult patients (aged ≥18 years) with histologically or cytologically documented extensive disease (American Joint Committee on Cancer Stage (7th edition) IV SCLC \[T any, N any,M1 a/b\]), or T3-4 due to multiple lung nodules that are too extensive or have tumor/nodal volume that is too large to be encompassed in a tolerable radiation plan. Patients must have WHO/ECOG performance status of 0 or 1. Tumor assessments will be performed at Screening as baseline with follow-up at Week 6 ±1 week from the date of randomization, at Week 12 ±1 week from the date of randomization, and then every 8 weeks ±1 week until confirmed objective disease progression. An independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) comprised of independent experts will be convened to confirm the safety and tolerability of the proposed dose and schedule of durvalumab ± tremelimumab in combination with platinum based chemotherapy at two early stages of enrolment.

Source references

references

citation
Ozguroglu M, Goldman JW, Chen Y, Garassino MC, Medic N, Mann H, Chugh P, Dalvi T, Paz-Ares L. Adverse events self-reported by patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer in the phase III CASPIAN study. Future Oncol. 2025 May;21(12):1511-1523. doi: 10.1080/14796694.2025.2491297. Epub 2025 May 7.
pmid
40331625
type
DERIVED
citation
Xie M, Vuko M, Rodriguez-Canales J, Zimmermann J, Schick M, O'Brien C, Paz-Ares L, Goldman JW, Garassino MC, Gay CM, Heymach JV, Jiang H, Barrett JC, Stewart RA, Lai Z, Byers LA, Rudin CM, Shrestha Y. Molecular classification and biomarkers of outcome with immunotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: analyses of the CASPIAN phase 3 study. Mol Cancer. 2024 May 30;23(1):115. doi: 10.1186/s12943-024-02014-x.
pmid
38811992
type
DERIVED
citation
Goldman JW, Dvorkin M, Chen Y, Reinmuth N, Hotta K, Trukhin D, Statsenko G, Hochmair MJ, Ozguroglu M, Ji JH, Garassino MC, Voitko O, Poltoratskiy A, Ponce S, Verderame F, Havel L, Bondarenko I, Kazarnowicz A, Losonczy G, Conev NV, Armstrong J, Byrne N, Thiyagarajah P, Jiang H, Paz-Ares L; CASPIAN investigators. Durvalumab, with or without tremelimumab, plus platinum-etoposide versus platinum-etoposide alone in first-line treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (CASPIAN): updated results from a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2021 Jan;22(1):51-65. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30539-8. Epub 2020 Dec 4.
pmid
33285097
type
DERIVED
citation
Paz-Ares L, Dvorkin M, Chen Y, Reinmuth N, Hotta K, Trukhin D, Statsenko G, Hochmair MJ, Ozguroglu M, Ji JH, Voitko O, Poltoratskiy A, Ponce S, Verderame F, Havel L, Bondarenko I, Kazarnowicz A, Losonczy G, Conev NV, Armstrong J, Byrne N, Shire N, Jiang H, Goldman JW; CASPIAN investigators. Durvalumab plus platinum-etoposide versus platinum-etoposide in first-line treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (CASPIAN): a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2019 Nov 23;394(10212):1929-1939. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32222-6. Epub 2019 Oct 4.
pmid
31590988
type
DERIVED