Targeted therapy

Monoclonal antibodies: Monoclonal antibodies are immune system proteins made in the laboratory to treat many diseases, including cancer. As a cancer treatment, these antibodies can attach to a specific target on cancer cells or other cells that may help cancer cells grow. The antibodies are able to then kill the cancer cells, block their growth, or keep them from spreading. Monoclonal antibodies are given by infusion. They may be used alone or to carry drugs, toxins, or radioactive material directly to cancer cells. Rituximab and nivolumab are types of monoclonal antibodies used to treat newly diagnosed or recurrent primary CNS lymphoma.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors: These small-molecule drugs go through the cell membrane and work inside cancer cells to block signals that cancer cells need to grow and divide. Ibrutinib is a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat newly diagnosed or recurrent primary CNS lymphoma.