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Treatment Options for Stage 4S/MS Neuroblastoma
Source: Neuroblastoma Treatment (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version, National Cancer Institute.
Source updated: April 28, 2025 · Captured 2026-09-09.
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Context: Treatment of INSS Stage 4S and INRG Stage MS Neuroblastoma
There is no standard approach for the treatment of stage 4S/MS neuroblastoma.
Treatment options for stage 4S/MS neuroblastoma include the following:
Observation with supportive care (for asymptomatic patients with favorable tumor biology).
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Chemotherapy (for symptomatic patients or patients with unfavorable tumor biology).
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Surgery (rarely, for patients with hepatomegaly that compromises the kidney or other abdominal organs).
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Radiation therapy (rarely, for patients with symptoms related to hepatomegaly from metastatic disease).
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Resection of the primary tumor is not associated with improved outcome.[5-7] Rarely, infants with massive hepatic 4S/MS neuroblastoma develop cirrhosis from the chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy that is used to control the disease and may benefit from orthotopic liver transplant.[8]
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Preserved source evidence · Not medical advice