TriangleFOR PATIENTS · SOURCE READING
Treatment of Primary Myelofibrosis
Source: Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Treatment (PDQ®)–Patient Version, National Cancer Institute.
Source updated: May 12, 2025 · Captured 2026-09-09.
Selected source text with whitespace normalised. This Triangle page is not an NCI PDQ summary. Independent clinical review is pending.
Treatment of primary myelofibrosis in patients without signs or symptoms is usually watchful waiting.
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Patients with primary myelofibrosis may have signs or symptoms of anemia. Anemia is usually treated with transfusion of red blood cells to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. In addition, anemia may be treated with:
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erythropoietic growth factors
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prednisone
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danazol
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thalidomide, lenalidomide, or pomalidomide, with or without prednisone
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Treatment of primary myelofibrosis in patients with other signs or symptoms may include:
targeted therapy with ruxolitinib
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chemotherapy (hydroxyurea, cladribine)
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allogeneic stem cell transplant or bone marrow transplant
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thalidomide, lenalidomide, or pomalidomide
splenectomy
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radiation therapy to the spleen, lymph nodes, or other areas outside the bone marrow where blood cells are forming
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immunotherapy (interferon alfa)
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Learn more about these treatments in the Treatment Option Overview.
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Use our clinical trial search to find NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are accepting patients. You can search for trials based on the type of cancer, the age of the patient, and where the trials are being done. General information about clinical trials is also available.
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Preserved source evidence · Independent clinical review pending · Not medical advice