HEALTH PROFESSIONAL · SOURCE READING
Excision
Source: Melanoma Treatment (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version, National Cancer Institute.
Source updated: May 2, 2025 · Captured 2026-09-09.
Selected source text with whitespace normalised. This Triangle page is not an NCI PDQ summary.
Context: Treatment of Stage IA Melanoma / Treatment Options for Stage IA Melanoma
No randomized controlled trials have assessed only melanomas that are less than 1 mm thick. Evidence from randomized controlled clinical trials that included patients with melanomas of this size suggests that they may be adequately treated with radial excision margins of 1 cm.
Evidence (excision):
A randomized trial that compared narrow margins (1 cm) with wide margins (≥3 cm) in 612 patients with melanomas no thicker than 2 mm included 359 patients with melanomas measuring 1 mm or less.[1,2][Level of evidence A1]
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A randomized trial that compared narrow margins (1 cm) with wide margins (≥3 cm) in 612 patients with melanomas no thicker than 2 mm included 359 patients with melanomas measuring 1 mm or less.[1,2][Level of evidence A1]
No difference was observed between the two groups in the development of metastatic disease, disease-free survival (DFS), or overall survival (OS).
A randomized trial that compared narrow margins (1 cm) with wide margins (≥3 cm) in 612 patients with melanomas no thicker than 2 mm included 359 patients with melanomas measuring 1 mm or less.[1,2][Level of evidence A1]
There were no local recurrences in patients with melanomas measuring 1 mm or less in either cohort.
A Swedish multicenter study included 989 patients with primary melanomas located on the trunk or extremities with a tumor thickness between 0.8 mm and 2 mm. Patients were randomly assigned to undergo wide excision with margins of 2 cm (n = 476) or 5 cm (n = 513).[3][Level of evidence A1]
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A Swedish multicenter study included 989 patients with primary melanomas located on the trunk or extremities with a tumor thickness between 0.8 mm and 2 mm. Patients were randomly assigned to undergo wide excision with margins of 2 cm (n = 476) or 5 cm (n = 513).[3][Level of evidence A1]
With a median follow-up of 11 years, there was no statistically significant difference in OS between the two groups.
A Swedish multicenter study included 989 patients with primary melanomas located on the trunk or extremities with a tumor thickness between 0.8 mm and 2 mm. Patients were randomly assigned to undergo wide excision with margins of 2 cm (n = 476) or 5 cm (n = 513).[3][Level of evidence A1]
With a median follow-up of 8 years, there was no statistically significant difference in recurrence-free survival between the two groups.
A Swedish multicenter study included 989 patients with primary melanomas located on the trunk or extremities with a tumor thickness between 0.8 mm and 2 mm. Patients were randomly assigned to undergo wide excision with margins of 2 cm (n = 476) or 5 cm (n = 513).[3][Level of evidence A1]
The local recurrence rate was 1%, and there was no significant difference between the treatment arms.
A European, multicenter, randomized trial compared margins of 2 cm (n = 161) versus 5 cm (n = 165) in 326 patients with primary melanomas with a thickness of 2.1 mm or less. The study included 141 patients with melanomas measuring 1 mm or less. [3,4]Level of evidence A1]
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A European, multicenter, randomized trial compared margins of 2 cm (n = 161) versus 5 cm (n = 165) in 326 patients with primary melanomas with a thickness of 2.1 mm or less. The study included 141 patients with melanomas measuring 1 mm or less. [3,4]Level of evidence A1]
There was no statistically significant difference in 10-year DFS or OS between the two groups.
A European, multicenter, randomized trial compared margins of 2 cm (n = 161) versus 5 cm (n = 165) in 326 patients with primary melanomas with a thickness of 2.1 mm or less. The study included 141 patients with melanomas measuring 1 mm or less. [3,4]Level of evidence A1]
Local recurrence occurred in one patient treated with a 2-cm margin and four patients treated with 5-cm margins.
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