Treatment options for patients with T1, N1, M0; T2, N1, M0; or T3, N1, M0 disease

This stage of renal cell cancer is curable with surgery in a small minority of patients. A radical nephrectomy and lymph node dissection is necessary. The value of preoperative and postoperative EBRT has not been demonstrated, but EBRT may be used for palliation in patients who are not candidates for surgery. Arterial embolization of the tumor with Gelfoam or other materials may be used preoperatively to reduce blood loss at nephrectomy or for palliation in patients with inoperable disease.