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Treatment Options for First-Line Therapy for Stage IV Renal Cell Cancer
Source: Renal Cell Cancer Treatment (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version, National Cancer Institute.
Source updated: May 13, 2025 · Captured 2026-09-09.
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Context: Treatment of Stage IV and Recurrent Renal Cell Cancer
Treatment options for first-line therapy for stage IV renal cell cancer include:
Ipilimumab plus nivolumab (for patients with intermediate or poor-risk disease).[1]
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Pembrolizumab plus axitinib.[2]
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Pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib.[3]
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Nivolumab plus cabozantinib.[4]
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Radical nephrectomy (for T4, M0 lesions).
Cytoreductive nephrectomy (for any T, M1 lesions in patients with good-risk disease).[5-8]
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Cabozantinib (for patients with intermediate- or poor-risk disease).[9,10]
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Avelumab plus axitinib.[11]
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Interferon alfa.[16-19]
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Interleukin-2 (IL-2).[16,20,21]
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Palliative external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT).
Publication references
Read the original reference and check its publication notices.
- PubMed 10023944 · Original source
- PubMed 11759643 · Original source
- PubMed 15625368 · Original source
- PubMed 15674877 · Original source
- PubMed 17215529 · Original source
- PubMed 24687826 · Original source
- PubMed 26087971 · Original source
- PubMed 28199818 · Original source
- PubMed 29550566 · Original source
- PubMed 29562145 · Original source
- PubMed 30779529 · Original source
- PubMed 30779531 · Original source
- PubMed 33616314 · Original source
- PubMed 33657295 · Original source
- PubMed 8040669 · Original source
Preserved source evidence · Not medical advice