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Type of Childhood Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors
Source: Childhood Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors Summary Index (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version, National Cancer Institute.
Source updated: December 19, 2023 · Captured 2026-09-09.
Selected source text with whitespace normalised. This Triangle page is not an NCI PDQ summary. Independent clinical review is pending.
For information about the type of childhood brain and spinal cord tumor and its related PDQ summary, see the table below. If a tumor type is not listed, a corresponding PDQ treatment summary is not available.
| Tumor Type (Based on the 2021 WHO Classification)a | Pathological Subtype (Based on the 2021 WHO Classification)a | Related PDQ Treatment Summary |
|---|---|---|
| CNS = central nervous system; NEC = not elsewhere classified; NOS = not otherwise specified; WHO = World Health Organization. | ||
| aWHO classification adapted from Louis et al.[1] | ||
| Pediatric-type diffuse high-grade gliomas | Diffuse pediatric-type high-grade glioma, H3-wild type and IDH-wild type | Childhood Astrocytomas, Other Gliomas, and Glioneuronal/Neuronal Tumors Treatment |
| Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered | ||
| Diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant | ||
| Infant-type hemispheric glioma | ||
| Circumscribed astrocytic gliomas | Pilocytic astrocytoma | Childhood Astrocytomas, Other Gliomas, and Glioneuronal/Neuronal Tumors Treatment |
| High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features | ||
| Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma | ||
| Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma | ||
| Choroid glioma | ||
| Astroblastoma, MN1-altered | ||
| Ependymal tumors | Subependymoma | Childhood Ependymoma Treatment |
| Myxopapillary ependymoma | ||
| Supratentorial ependymoma, NOS | ||
| Supratentorial ependymoma, ZFTA fusion–positive | ||
| Supratentorial ependymoma, YAP1 fusion–positive | ||
| Posterior fossa ependymoma, NOS | ||
| Posterior fossa group A (PFA) ependymoma | ||
| Posterior fossa group B (PFB) ependymoma | ||
| Spinal ependymoma, NOS | ||
| Spinal ependymoma, MYCN-amplified | ||
| Pediatric-type diffuse low-grade glioma | Diffuse astrocytoma, MYB- or MYBL1-altered | Childhood Astrocytomas, Other Gliomas, and Glioneuronal/Neuronal Tumors Treatment |
| Angiocentric glioma | ||
| Polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young | ||
| Diffuse low-grade glioma, MAPK pathway-altered | ||
| Glioneuronal and neuronal tumors | Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor | Childhood Astrocytomas, Other Gliomas, and Glioneuronal/Neuronal Tumors Treatment |
| Ganglioglioma | ||
| Gangliocytoma | ||
| Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma | ||
| Desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma | ||
| Diffuse glioneuronal tumor with oligodendroglioma-like features and nuclear clusters (provisional entity) | ||
| Papillary glioneuronal tumor | ||
| Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor | ||
| Myxoid glioneuronal tumor | ||
| Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor | ||
| Multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor | ||
| Dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma (Lhermitte-Duclos disease) | ||
| Extraventricular neurocytoma | ||
| Cerebellar liponeurocytoma | ||
| Central neurocytoma | ||
| Tumors of the pineal region | Pineoblastoma | Childhood Medulloblastoma and Other Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors Treatment |
| Embryonal tumors | Medulloblastoma, WNT-activated | Childhood Medulloblastoma and Other Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors Treatment |
| Medulloblastoma, SHH-activated and TP53-mutant; Medulloblastoma, SHH-activated and TP53-wildtype | ||
| Medulloblastoma, non-WNT/non-SHH | ||
| Medulloblastoma, histologically defined | ||
| Desmoplastic nodular medulloblastoma | ||
| Medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity | ||
| Large cell medulloblastoma | ||
| Anaplastic medulloblastoma | ||
| Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes, C19MC-altered | ||
| CNS tumor with BCOR internal tandem duplication | ||
| CNS neuroblastoma, FOXR2-activated | ||
| CNS embryonal tumor, NEC/NOS | ||
| Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor | Childhood Central Nervous System Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor Treatment | |
| Germ cell tumors | Germinoma | Childhood Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors Treatment |
| Embryonal carcinoma | ||
| Yolk sac tumor | ||
| Choriocarcinoma | ||
| Mature teratoma | ||
| Immature teratoma | ||
| Teratoma with somatic-type malignancy | ||
| Mixed germ cell tumor | ||
| Tumors of the sellar region | Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma | Childhood Craniopharyngioma Treatment |
| Papillary craniopharyngioma | ||
Source links and citations
- 1
- Childhood Astrocytomas, Other Gliomas, and Glioneuronal/Neuronal Tumors Treatment
- Source reference
- Childhood Astrocytomas, Other Gliomas, and Glioneuronal/Neuronal Tumors Treatment
- Childhood Ependymoma Treatment
- Childhood Astrocytomas, Other Gliomas, and Glioneuronal/Neuronal Tumors Treatment
- Childhood Astrocytomas, Other Gliomas, and Glioneuronal/Neuronal Tumors Treatment
- Childhood Medulloblastoma and Other Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors Treatment
- Childhood Medulloblastoma and Other Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors Treatment
- Childhood Central Nervous System Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor Treatment
- Childhood Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors Treatment
- Childhood Craniopharyngioma Treatment
Publication references
Read the original reference and check its publication notices.
Preserved source evidence · Independent clinical review pending · Not medical advice