MRD detection posttransplant

Source: Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version, National Cancer Institute.

Source updated: April 21, 2025 · Captured 2026-09-09.

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Context: Treatment of Relapsed Childhood ALL / Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant for First and Subsequent Bone Marrow Relapse / Components of the transplant process

The presence of detectable MRD post-HSCT has been associated with an increased risk of subsequent relapse.[108,111-114] For patients with MRD that is detectable pre-HSCT, the detection of any level of MRD post-HSCT puts that patient at very high risk of failure (>90%).[92] The accuracy of MRD for predicting relapse increases as time from HSCT elapses and relapse risk is higher for patients who have higher levels of MRD detected at any given time. One study showed higher sensitivity for predicting relapse using next-generation sequencing assays than with flow cytometry, especially early after HSCT.[113]

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