TriangleHEALTH PROFESSIONAL · SOURCE READING
Surgical Treatment for Breast Cancer
Source: Breast Cancer Treatment (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version, National Cancer Institute.
Source updated: April 25, 2025 · Captured 2026-09-09.
Selected source text with whitespace normalised. This Triangle page is not an NCI PDQ summary.
Operable breast cancer requires a multimodal approach to treatment. After the presence of a malignancy is confirmed by biopsy, the following surgical treatment options can be discussed with the patient before a therapeutic procedure is selected:
Breast-conserving surgery.
Modified radical mastectomy (removal of the entire breast with axillary dissection of levels I and II) with or without breast reconstruction.
To guide the selection of neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy, many factors including stage, grade, and molecular status of the tumor (e.g., estrogen receptor [ER], progesterone receptor [PR], human epidermal growth factor type 2 receptor [HER2], or triple-negative status) are considered.[1-5]
Continue within this section
Publication references
Read the original reference and check its publication notices.
Preserved source evidence · Not medical advice