Postoperative systemic therapy for HER2-negative hormone receptor–positive breast cancer

Stage and molecular features determine the need for adjuvant systemic therapy and the choice of modalities for patients who have not been treated with preoperative systemic therapy. The selection of therapy is most appropriately based on knowledge of an individual’s risk of tumor recurrence balanced against the short-term and long-term risks of adjuvant treatment. This approach allows clinicians to help individuals determine if the gains anticipated from treatment are reasonable for their situation.