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Immunotherapy
Source: Bladder Cancer Treatment (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version, National Cancer Institute.
Source updated: May 2, 2025 · Captured 2026-09-09.
Selected source text with whitespace normalised. This Triangle page is not an NCI PDQ summary.
Context: Treatment of Recurrent Bladder Cancer / Treatment Options for Recurrent Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy has emerged as a treatment alternative for patients with recurrent bladder cancer. Anti−programmed death-1 (PD-1) or anti−programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint inhibitors have activity against urothelial carcinoma in patients who have previously been treated with, or who are ineligible for, cisplatin-based chemotherapy.[38-42] There are several approved agents. However, pembrolizumab has the most robust data in terms of level of evidence and survival.
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