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Treatment of AML in Remission
Source: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treatment (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version, National Cancer Institute.
Source updated: March 14, 2025 · Captured 2026-09-09.
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Although individual patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have been reported to have long disease-free survival (DFS) or cure with a single cycle of chemotherapy,[1] consolidation therapy is always indicated in therapy that is planned with curative intent. In a small randomized study conducted by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, all patients who did not receive consolidation therapy experienced a relapse after a short median complete remission (CR) duration.[2]
Treatment options for AML in remission (consolidation phase) include:
Chemotherapy with short-term (3−4 cycles), relatively intensive chemotherapy with cytarabine-based regimens similar to standard induction clinical trials (consolidation chemotherapy) and consolidation chemotherapy with more dose-intensive cytarabine-based treatment.
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Maintenance therapy (longer-term therapy at lower doses) has not been shown to benefit AML patients in a number of studies, but two strategies have shown a benefit:
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Maintenance therapy (longer-term therapy at lower doses) has not been shown to benefit AML patients in a number of studies, but two strategies have shown a benefit:
Midostaurin in patients with FLT3-altered AML.
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Maintenance therapy (longer-term therapy at lower doses) has not been shown to benefit AML patients in a number of studies, but two strategies have shown a benefit:
Oral azacitidine.
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Hematopoietic cell (bone marrow or stem cell) transplant.
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Hematopoietic cell (bone marrow or stem cell) transplant.
High-dose chemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem cell rescue.
Hematopoietic cell (bone marrow or stem cell) transplant.
High-dose marrow-ablative or reduced-intensity therapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT).
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