NCT03777657 · CITED IN SOURCE DOCUMENTS
Tislelizumab in Combination With Chemotherapy as First-Line Treatment in Adults With Inoperable, Locally Advanced or Metastatic Gastric, or Gastroesophageal Junction Carcinoma
An NCI or FDA source cites this study. A citation does not establish that it applies to an individual diagnosis.
- Phase
- PHASE3
- Status at capture
- COMPLETED
- Registry last update
- 2025-02-14
This study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of tislelizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy as the first treatment (first-line) for adults diagnosed with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma.
Open the original ClinicalTrials.gov record → · Download preserved record
What did the study report?
Outcomes, safety and baseline populations are separate source sections. Quality-of-life measures appear under their original outcome titles.
Participant flow
Baseline characteristics
Overall Survival in PD-L1 Positive Participants
Overall Survival in the Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Analysis Set
Progression-free Survival (PFS) in PD-L1 Positive Participants
Overall Response Rate (ORR) in PD-L1 Positive Participants
Progression-free Survival (PFS) in the ITT Analysis Set
Overall Response Rate (ORR) in the ITT Analysis Set
Duration of Response (DOR) in PD-L1 Positive Participants
Duration of Response in the ITT Analysis Set
Change From Baseline in European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) Global Health Status (GHS)/Quality of Life (QOL) and Physical Functioning Scores
Change From Baseline in EORTC QLQ-C30 Fatigue Score
Change From Baseline in European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Gastric Cancer Module QLQ-STO22 (EORTC QLQ-STO22)
Change From Baseline in European Quality of Life 5-Dimensions, 5-level (EQ-5D-5L) Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
Disease Control Rate in PD-L1 Positive Participants
Disease Control Rate in the ITT Analysis Set
Clinical Benefit Rate (CBR) in PD-L1 Positive Participants
Clinical Benefit Rate (CBR) in the ITT Analysis Set
Time to Response (TTR) in PD-L1 Positive Participants
Time to Response (TTR) in the ITT Analysis Set
Adverse events
Limitations, agreements, and source contact
Who could take part
- eligibility Criteria
- Key Inclusion Criteria: 1. Locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric cancer (GC) or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) carcinoma and have histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma 2. No previous systemic therapy for locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric/GEJ cancer. NOTE: Participants may have received prior neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy as long as it was completed and have no recurrence or disease progression for at least 6 months. 3. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) ≤ 1 within 7 days prior to randomization 4. Adequate organ function ≤ 7 days prior to randomization Key Exclusion Criteria: 1. Has squamous cell or undifferentiated or other histological type GC 2. Active leptomeningeal disease or uncontrolled brain metastasis 3. Diagnosed with gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma with positive HER2 4. Prior therapy with an anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), anti-programmed cell death protein ligand-1 (PD-L1), anti-programmed cell death protein ligand-2 (PD-L2), or any other antibody or drug specifically targeting T-cell co-stimulation or checkpoint pathways NOTE: Other protocol defined Inclusion/Exclusion criteria may apply.
- healthy Volunteers
- false
- minimum Age
- 18 Years
- sex
- ALL
- std Ages
- ADULT
- OLDER_ADULT
Treatment arms and interventions
- arm Groups
- description
- Participants received 200 mg of tislelizumab intravenously with investigator's choice of chemotherapy once every 3 weeks for up to six treatment cycles. Chemotherapy consisted of 1000 mg/m² capecitabine twice daily on Days 1-14 and 130 mg/m² oxaliplatin on Day 1, or 800 mg/m² 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on Days 1-5 and 80 mg/m² cisplatin on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle. Thereafter, participants continued treatment with 200 mg tislelizumab, with optional maintenance capecitabine (only permitted for participants who initially received capecitabine and oxaliplatin) once every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
- intervention Names
- Drug: Tislelizumab
- Drug: Cisplatin
- Drug: Oxaliplatin
- Drug: Capecitabine
- Drug: 5-Fluorouracil
- label
- Tislelizumab + Chemotherapy
- type
- EXPERIMENTAL
- description
- Participants received placebo intravenously with investigator's choice of chemotherapy once every 3 weeks for up to six treatment cycles. Chemotherapy consisted of 1000 mg/m² capecitabine twice daily on Days 1-14 and 130 mg/m² oxaliplatin on Day 1, or 800 mg/m² 5-FU on Days 1-5 and 80 mg/m² cisplatin on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle. Thereafter, participants continued treatment with placebo with optional maintenance capecitabine (only permitted for participants who initially received capecitabine and oxaliplatin) once every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
- intervention Names
- Drug: Placebo
- Drug: Cisplatin
- Drug: Oxaliplatin
- Drug: Capecitabine
- Drug: 5-Fluorouracil
- label
- Placebo + Chemotherapy
- type
- PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
- interventions
- arm Group Labels
- Tislelizumab + Chemotherapy
- description
- 200 mg intravenously (IV) on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle
- name
- Tislelizumab
- other Names
- BGB-A317
- TEVIMBRA®
- type
- DRUG
- arm Group Labels
- Placebo + Chemotherapy
- description
- Placebo to match tislelizumab IV on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle
- name
- Placebo
- type
- DRUG
- arm Group Labels
- Placebo + Chemotherapy
- Tislelizumab + Chemotherapy
- description
- 80 mg/m² IV on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle
- name
- Cisplatin
- type
- DRUG
- arm Group Labels
- Placebo + Chemotherapy
- Tislelizumab + Chemotherapy
- description
- 130 mg/m² IV on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle
- name
- Oxaliplatin
- type
- DRUG
- arm Group Labels
- Placebo + Chemotherapy
- Tislelizumab + Chemotherapy
- description
- 1000 mg/m² orally twice daily (BD) Days 1 through 14 (14 days total) of each 21-day cycle
- name
- Capecitabine
- type
- DRUG
- arm Group Labels
- Placebo + Chemotherapy
- Tislelizumab + Chemotherapy
- description
- 800 mg/m²/day IV using continuous infusion on Days 1 to 5 of each 21-day cycle
- name
- 5-Fluorouracil
- type
- DRUG
Study design
- allocation
- RANDOMIZED
- intervention Model
- PARALLEL
- masking Info
- masking
- TRIPLE
- who Masked
- PARTICIPANT
- CARE_PROVIDER
- INVESTIGATOR
- primary Purpose
- TREATMENT
Enrollment
- count
- 997
- type
- ACTUAL
Registered outcome plans (not posted results)
- primary Outcomes
- description
- Overall survival (OS) is defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of death due to any cause. Median OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
- measure
- Overall Survival in PD-L1 Positive Participants
- time Frame
- From randomization up to the primary analysis data cut-off date of 8 October 2021; Median (range) time on follow-up was 11.8 (0.1 - 33.4) months.
- description
- Overall survival (OS) is defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of death due to any cause. Median OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
- measure
- Overall Survival in the Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Analysis Set
- time Frame
- From randomization up to the final efficacy analysis data cut-off date of 28 February 2023; Median (range) time on follow-up was 13.2 (0.1 - 50.1) months.
- secondary Outcomes
- description
- Progression-free survival is defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of the first objectively documented tumor progression assessed by the investigator according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1, or death, whichever occurred first. Median PFS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
- measure
- Progression-free Survival (PFS) in PD-L1 Positive Participants
- time Frame
- From randomization up to the final efficacy analysis data cut-off date of 28 February 2023; Median (range) time on follow-up was 13.2 (0.1 - 50.1) months.
- description
- ORR is defined as the percentage of participants whose best overall response is complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.1 assessed by the investigator. Investigators conducted assessments of radiological tumor response by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) per RECIST version 1.1 about every six weeks during the first 48 weeks of the study and every nine weeks thereafter. CR: Disappearance of all target and non-target lesions and no new lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes must have reduction in short axis to \< 10 mm. PR: At least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters, persistence of one or more nontarget lesion(s) and/or maintenance of tumor marker level above the normal limits.
- measure
- Overall Response Rate (ORR) in PD-L1 Positive Participants
- time Frame
- Response was assessed every 6 weeks for the first 48 weeks and every 9 weeks thereafter; up to the final efficacy analysis data cut-off date of 28 February 2023; Median (range) time on follow-up was 13.2 (0.1 - 50.1) months.
- description
- Progression-free survival is defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of the first objectively documented tumor progression assessed by the investigator according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1, or death, whichever occurred first. Median PFS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
- measure
- Progression-free Survival (PFS) in the ITT Analysis Set
- time Frame
- From randomization up to the final efficacy analysis data cut-off date of 28 February 2023; Median (range) time on follow-up was 13.2 (0.1 - 50.1) months.
- description
- ORR is defined as the percentage of participants whose best overall response is complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.1 assessed by the investigator. Investigators conducted assessments of radiological tumor response by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) per RECIST version 1.1 about every six weeks during the first 48 weeks of the study and every nine weeks thereafter. CR: Disappearance of all target and non-target lesions and no new lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes must have reduction in short axis to \< 10 mm. PR: At least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters, persistence of one or more nontarget lesion(s) and/or maintenance of tumor marker level above the normal limits.
- measure
- Overall Response Rate (ORR) in the ITT Analysis Set
- time Frame
- Response was assessed every 6 weeks for the first 48 weeks and every 9 weeks thereafter; up to the final efficacy analysis data cut-off date of 28 February 2023; Median (range) time on follow-up was 13.2 (0.1 - 50.1) months.
- description
- DOR is defined as the time from the first determination of an objective response assessed by the investigator per RECIST v1.1, until the first documentation of progression or death, whichever occurred first. Progressive disease (PD): At least a 20% increase in the size of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest size on study, with an absolute increase of at least 5 mm, unequivocal progression of existing non-target lesions, or any new lesions.
- measure
- Duration of Response (DOR) in PD-L1 Positive Participants
- time Frame
- Response was assessed every 6 weeks for the first 48 weeks and every 9 weeks thereafter; up to the final efficacy analysis data cut-off date of 28 February 2023; Median (range) time on follow-up was 13.2 (0.1 - 50.1) months.
- description
- DOR is defined as the time from the first determination of an objective response assessed by the investigator per RECIST v1.1, until the first documentation of progression or death, whichever occurred first. Progressive disease (PD): At least a 20% increase in the size of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest size on study, with an absolute increase of at least 5 mm, unequivocal progression of existing non-target lesions, or any new lesions.
- measure
- Duration of Response in the ITT Analysis Set
- time Frame
- Response was assessed every 6 weeks for the first 48 weeks and every 9 weeks thereafter; up to the final efficacy analysis data cut-off date of 28 February 2023; Median (range) time on follow-up was 13.2 (0.1 - 50.1) months.
- description
- The EORTC QLQ-30 contains 30 questions that incorporate 5 functional scales (physical functioning, role functioning, emotional functioning, cognitive functioning, and social functioning), 1 global health status scale, 3 symptom scales (fatigue, nausea and vomiting, and pain), and 6 single items (dyspnea, insomnia, appetite loss, constipation, diarrhea, and financial difficulties). The participant answers questions about their health during the past week. There are 28 questions answered on a 4-point scale where 1 = Not at all (best) and 4 = Very Much (worst) and 2 global health quality of life (QOL) questions answered on a 7-point scale where 1 = Very poor and 7 = Excellent. Raw scores are transformed to a 0 to 100 scale via linear transformation. Higher scores in GHS and functional scales indicate better quality of life.
- measure
- Change From Baseline in European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) Global Health Status (GHS)/Quality of Life (QOL) and Physical Functioning Scores
- time Frame
- Baseline and Cycles 4 and 6
- description
- The EORTC QLQ-30 contains 30 questions that incorporate 5 functional scales (physical functioning, role functioning, emotional functioning, cognitive functioning, and social functioning), 1 global health status scale, 3 symptom scales (fatigue, nausea and vomiting, and pain), and 6 single items (dyspnea, insomnia, appetite loss, constipation, diarrhea, and financial difficulties). The participant answers questions about their health during the past week. There are 28 questions answered on a 4-point scale where 1 = Not at all (best) and 4 = Very Much (worst) and 2 global health quality of life (QOL) questions answered on a 7-point scale where 1 = Very poor and 7 = Excellent. Raw scores are transformed to a 0 to 100 scale via linear transformation. The fatigue symptom scale includes 3 items and ranges from 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate a higher level of symptoms.
- measure
- Change From Baseline in EORTC QLQ-C30 Fatigue Score
- time Frame
- Baseline and Cycles 4 and 6
- description
- EORTC-QLQ-STO22 is a 22-item questionnaire developed to assess QoL of gastric cancer participants. It consists of 5 multi-item subscales: Dysphagia/odynophagia (4 items), Pain/discomfort (3 items), Dietary restrictions (5 items), Upper gastro-intestinal (GI) symptoms (3 items), Specific emotional problems (3 items) and 4 single items. Each question is answered on a scale from 0 (Not at all) to 4 (Very Much), where lower scores indicate fewer symptoms/better QoL. Raw scores were transformed to a scale from 0 to 100, where lower scores indicate better QoL. The QLQ-STO22 Index score is the mean of the 6 domain scores and 4 single items.
- measure
- Change From Baseline in European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Gastric Cancer Module QLQ-STO22 (EORTC QLQ-STO22)
- time Frame
- Baseline and Cycles 4 and 6
- description
- The EQ-5D-5L measures health outcomes using a VAS to record a participant's self-rated health on a scale from 0 to 100, where 100 is 'the best health you can imagine' and 0 is 'the worst health you can imagine.' A higher score indicates better health outcomes.
- measure
- Change From Baseline in European Quality of Life 5-Dimensions, 5-level (EQ-5D-5L) Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
- time Frame
- Baseline and Cycles 4 and 6
- description
- An AE is defined as any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease (new or exacerbated) temporally associated with the use of study drugs, whether related to study drugs or not. An SAE is any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose met any of the following criteria: * Resulted in death * Was life-threatening * Required hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization * Resulted in disability/incapacity * Was a congenital anomaly/birth defect * Was considered a significant medical AE by the Investigator based on medical judgement.
- measure
- Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
- time Frame
- From first dose of study drug to 30 days after last dose or the initiation of a new anticancer therapy, whichever occurred first, up to the end of study; maximum treatment duration was 59.3 months in Tislelizumab and 56.8 months in the Placebo group.
- description
- Disease Control Rate is defined as the percentage of participants who had confirmed CR, PR, or stable disease (SD) assessed by the investigator and the investigator per RECIST v1.1. Investigators conducted assessments of radiological tumor response by CT or MRI per RECIST version 1.1 about every six weeks during the first 48 weeks of the study and every nine weeks thereafter. CR: Disappearance of all target and non-target lesions and no new lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes must have reduction in short axis to \< 10 mm. PR: At least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters, persistence of one or more nontarget lesion(s) and/or maintenance of tumor marker level above the normal limits. SD: Neither sufficient shrinkage in size of lesions to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD, and no new lesions.
- measure
- Disease Control Rate in PD-L1 Positive Participants
- time Frame
- Response was assessed every 6 weeks for the first 48 weeks and every 9 weeks thereafter; up to the final efficacy analysis data cut-off date of 28 February 2023; Median (range) time on follow-up was 13.2 (0.1 - 50.1) months.
Full study description
- brief Summary
- This study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of tislelizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy as the first treatment (first-line) for adults diagnosed with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma.
Source references
- references
- citation
- Rha SY, Ryu MH, Kim JG, Xu S, Xu Y, Lee KW. Comparative efficacy of tislelizumab + FOLFOX or CAPOX for gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: an exploratory matching-adjusted indirect comparison. Curr Med Res Opin. 2026 May;42(5):1031-1041. doi: 10.1080/03007995.2026.2686048. Epub 2026 Jun 29.
- pmid
- 42371751
- type
- DERIVED
- citation
- Kato K, Xu RH, Oh DY, Bai Y, Shi J, Lee KW, Hirano H, Xu H, Sheng T, B Barnes F, Barnes G. Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy vs placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: patient-reported outcomes in the Asian subgroup of the RATIONALE-305 study. Curr Med Res Opin. 2026 Apr;42(4):809-819. doi: 10.1080/03007995.2026.2682010. Epub 2026 Jun 9.
- pmid
- 42262249
- type
- DERIVED
- citation
- Qiu MZ, Lee KW, Mohler M, Luo HY, Hirano H, Zhang T, Wang FH, Ba Y, Rha SY, Wang F, He MM, Xu S, Pan X, Xu RH. Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, with or without peritoneal metastases: a post-hoc analysis on RATIONALE-305 study. EClinicalMedicine. 2026 May 15;95:103980. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2026.103980. eCollection 2026 May.
- pmid
- 42205142
- type
- DERIVED
- citation
- Cruz-Correa M, Oh DY, Kato K, Tabernero J, Bai Y, Shi J, Lee KW, Hirano H, Spigel D, Wyrwicz L, Pazo Cid R, Cubillo Gracian A, Xu Y, Sheng T, Yang S, Xu RH, Moehler M. Tislelizumab + Chemotherapy in Gastric Cancer: Long-Term RATIONALE-305 Randomized Trial Follow-up. Adv Ther. 2026 Jan;43(1):165-183. doi: 10.1007/s12325-025-03415-0. Epub 2025 Nov 18.
- pmid
- 41251890
- type
- DERIVED
- citation
- Cruz-Correa M, Xu RH, Moehler M, Oh DY, Kato K, Spigel D, Arkenau HT, Tabernero J, Zimina AV, Bai Y, Shi J, Lee KW, Hirano H, Wyrwicz L, Cid RP, Xu H, Sheng T, Barnes G. Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: patient-reported outcomes in the RATIONALE-305 study. Curr Med Res Opin. 2025 Jun;41(6):1007-1016. doi: 10.1080/03007995.2025.2501588. Epub 2025 Jun 18.
- pmid
- 40528576
- type
- DERIVED
- citation
- Moehler M, Yoon HH, Wagner DC, Yang S, Shi J, Zhang Y, Hu H, La Placa C, Peng Y, Du W, McCampbell A, Xu W, Shen Z, Xu H, Huang R, Kato K. Concordance Between the PD-L1 Tumor Area Positivity Score and Combined Positive Score for Gastric or Esophageal Cancers Treated With Tislelizumab. Mod Pathol. 2025 Sep;38(9):100793. doi: 10.1016/j.modpat.2025.100793. Epub 2025 May 13.
- pmid
- 40373876
- type
- DERIVED
- citation
- Moehler M, Oh DY, Kato K, Arkenau T, Tabernero J, Lee KW, Rha SY, Hirano H, Spigel D, Yamaguchi K, Wyrwicz L, Disel U, Pazo-Cid RA, Fornaro L, Xu Y, Sheng T, Yang S, Kadva A, Cruz-Correa M, Xu RH. First-Line Tislelizumab Plus Chemotherapy for Advanced Gastric Cancer with Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression >/= 1%: A Retrospective Analysis of RATIONALE-305. Adv Ther. 2025 May;42(5):2248-2268. doi: 10.1007/s12325-025-03133-7. Epub 2025 Mar 13.
- pmid
- 40075025
- type
- DERIVED
- citation
- Li W, Wan L, Zhang J. Cost-effectiveness of tislelizumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy as first-line treatment of PD-L1 positive advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma from a Chinese perspective. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024 Jun;18(6):293-301. doi: 10.1080/17474124.2024.2373730. Epub 2024 Jun 28.
- pmid
- 38923910
- type
- DERIVED
- citation
- Qiu MZ, Oh DY, Kato K, Arkenau T, Tabernero J, Correa MC, Zimina AV, Bai Y, Shi J, Lee KW, Wang J, Poddubskaya E, Pan H, Rha SY, Zhang R, Hirano H, Spigel D, Yamaguchi K, Chao Y, Wyrwicz L, Disel U, Cid RP, Fornaro L, Evesque L, Wang H, Xu Y, Li J, Sheng T, Yang S, Li L, Moehler M, Xu RH; RATIONALE-305 Investigators. Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy as first line treatment for advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: RATIONALE-305 randomised, double blind, phase 3 trial. BMJ. 2024 May 28;385:e078876. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2023-078876.
- pmid
- 38806195
- type
- DERIVED
Source notices and limitations
Discovery and provenance
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- nresectable, or Metastatic HER2-Negative Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction (G/GEJ) Adenocarcinoma in Patients Whose Tumors Express PD-L1 (≥1) RATIONALE-305 (NCT03777657) was a randomized, multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in patients with HER2-negative previously untreated unresectable or metastatic G/GEJ ade
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Preserved source evidence · Not medical advice
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