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Cycle 1 continues for 3 weeks and cycle 2 continues for 4 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.","id":"BG000","title":"Arm I: Observation"},{"description":"Patients with supratentorial ependymoma (Grade II without GTR1 or Grade III) or any infratentorial ependymoma who have undergone gross or near total resection (GTR or NTR) or achieved CR either after first or second resection or after post-operative induction chemotherapy are randomized to undergo conformal radiotherapy over 6-7 weeks followed by maintenance chemotherapy. Maintenance chemotherapy comprised of vincristine IV on days 1, 8, and 15 of cycles 1-3 only, etoposide IV over 60-120 minutes on days 1-3, cisplatin IV over 1-8 hours on day 1, and cyclophosphamide IV over 30-60 minutes on days 2-3. Treatment repeats every 21 days for 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients without GTR or NTR at enrollment require induction chemotherapy (see Arm I) and possibly second surgery before randomization.","id":"BG001","title":"Arm II: Randomized to Radiation With Maintenance Chemotherapy"},{"description":"Patients with supratentorial ependymoma (Grade II without GTR1 or ST Grade III) or any infratentorial ependymoma (Grade II or III) who have undergone gross or near total resection or achieved CR either after first or second resection or after post-operative induction chemotherapy are randomized to undergo conformal radiotherapy over 6-7 weeks and then undergo observation.","id":"BG002","title":"Arm III: Randomized to Radiation Only"},{"description":"Patients with subtotal resection after induction chemotherapy (see Arm I) and second surgery are nonrandomly assigned to Arm II treatment.","id":"BG003","title":"Arm IV: Nonrandomly Assigned to Arm II Treatment"},{"description":"Patients with tumor other than ependymoma or withdrew before protocol-specified 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Continuous","unitOfMeasure":"years"},{"classes":[{"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"18"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"78"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"68"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"23"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"27"},{"groupId":"BG005","value":"214"}],"title":"Female"},{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"19"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"89"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"95"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"40"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"22"},{"groupId":"BG005","value":"265"}],"title":"Male"}]}],"paramType":"COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS","title":"Sex: Female, Male","unitOfMeasure":"Participants"},{"classes":[{"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"5"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"37"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"30"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"11"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"11"},{"groupId":"BG005","value":"94"}],"title":"Hispanic or 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